Important points are maintenance of the soldering iron and measuring instrument and using the correct measurement method
Check 1. Are the tip, element cover, nut, etc. oxidized?
If the tip, element cover, nut, etc. are oxidized, heat conduction may be deteriorated, causing the measured temperature to be lower in some cases.
Replace them with new ones before measuring the temperature. If the temperature is still shown lower, confirm the details in Checks 2 through 5